Presented in descending order, the following list showcases the general product categories under which Canada earned the highest trade surpluses in 2014.

1. Mineral fuels including oil: US$81.3 billion (50.4% of all product surpluses)
2. Wood: $9.4 billion (5.9%)
3. Cereals: $7.9 billion (4.9%)
4. Gems, precious metals: $7.6 billion (4.7%)
5. Oil seed: $6.8 billion (4.2%)
6. Woodpulp: $6.5 billion (4%)
7. Ores, slag and ash: $5 billion (3.1%)
8. Aluminum: $4.9 billion (3%)
9. Aircraft, spacecraft: $4.7 billion (2.9%)
10. Fertilizers: $4.2 billion (2.6%)

The above top 10 product categories represent 71.1% of Canada’s overall product-category surplus subtotal which amounted to $161.3 billion. For that subtotal, 31 of Canada’s 97 general product categories delivered a surplus in 2014.

Canada enriched its trade surplus amounts at the fastest-pace during 2010 to 2014 under the product categories below.

1. Explosives and pyrotechnics: Up 594.2% since 2010 (US$46.6 million)
2. Tobacco: Up 204.9% ($49.9 million)
3. Wood: Up 73% ($9.4 billion)
4. Ores, slag and ash: Up 67.3% ($5 billion)
5. Vegetables: Up 61% ($1.6 billion)
6. Cereals: Up 60.7% ($7.9 billion)
7. Raw hides, skins not furskins, leather: Up 56.7% ($259 million)
8. Mineral fuels including oil: Up 54.7% ($81.3 billion)
9. Live animals: Up 53.7% ($2.3 billion)
10. Oil seed: Up 40.9% ($6.8 billion)

From the perspective of the more detailed 4-digit harmonized tariff system (HTS) level, below are 15 products that enabled Canada to achieve the highest surpluses in its international trade with other countries.

1. Crude oil: US$66.4 billion
2. Cars: $17.9 billion
3. Petroleum gases: $11.3 billion
4. Sawn wood: $7.3 billion
5. Wheat: $7.1 billion
6. Gold (unwrought): $7 billion
7. Aluminum (unwrought): $5.4 billion
8. Aircraft, spacecraft: $5 billion
9. Potassic fertilizers: $4.7 billion
10. Rape/colza seeds: $4.6 billion
11. Chemical woodpulp (non-dissolving): $4.6 billion
12. Ethylene polymers: $3.3 billion
13. Coal, solid fuels made from coal: $3.1 billion
14. Iron ores, concentrates: $3 billion
15. Copper ores, concentrates: $2.8 billion

Among these, crude oil had the fastest-growing Canadian surplus with a 142.6% gain since 2010. In second place were copper ores and concentrates up 102.7% while exported sawn wood moved ahead in value by 64.5%.

Presented in descending order, the following list shows with which trade partners Canada earned the highest trade surpluses in 2014.

1. United States: US$112.2 billion (86.1% of Canadian country-specific surpluses)
2. United Kingdom: $5.5 billion (4.2%)
3. Hong Kong: $3.9 billion (3%)
4. United Arab Emirates: $1.5 billion (1.2%)
5. Belgium: $1.2 billion (0.9%)
6. Malta: $714 million (0.5%)
7. Venezuela: $584.5 million (0.4%)
8. Botswana: $495.4 million (0.4%)
9. Russia: $471.8 million (0.4%)
10. Indonesia: $467.5 million (0.4%)

The above 10 trade partners represent 97.4% of Canada’s subtotal surplus of $130.3 billion from the 120 geographic entities with which Canada demonstrated competitive trade advantages.That subtotal excludes the 96 trade partners with which Canada incurred trade deficits.

Canada enriched its trade surplus amounts with the countries below at the fastest-pace during 2010 to 2014.

1. Belize: Up 3,622% since 2010 (US$17.9 million)
2. Rwanda: Up 3,272% ($25.1 million)
3. Seychelles: Up 2,603% ($20.7 million)
4. Malta: Up 704% ($714 million)
5. Mozambique: Up 618% ($79.2 million)
6. Chad: Up 483% ($32.7 million)
7. Barbados: Up 456% ($165.1 million)
8. Sudan (North + South): Up 335% ($146.4 million)
9. Maldives: Up 235% ($15.5 million)
10. Uganda: Up 222% ($24.7 million)

From the above list, Canada showed major product supply advantages over trade partners with comparatively small populations and for generally small surplus amounts.

Below are the products that gave Canada the highest surpluses in its international trade with the United States.

1. Crude oil: US$73.8 billion (65.8% of Canada’s surplus versus America)
2. Cars: $28.7 billion (25.6%)
3. Petroleum gases: $11.6 billion (10.4%)
4. Sawn wood: $4.7 billion (4.2%)
5. Aluminum (unwrought): $4.4 billion (4%)
6. Gold (unwrought): $3.1 billion (2.7%)
7. Ethylene polymers: $2.8 billion (2.5%)
8. Potassic fertilizers: $2.5 billion (2.3%)
9. Electrical energy: $2.1 billion (1.9%)
10. Chemical woodpulp (non-dissolving): $1.9 billion (1.7%)

Among these, unwrought gold had the fastest-growing Canadian surplus from 2010 to 2014 with the US posting a 60.5% gain. In second place was sawn wood up 52.5% followed by petroleum gases ahead by 46.9%.

Below are the products that gave Canada the highest surpluses in its international trade with the United Kingdom.

1. Gold (unwrought): US$6.9 billion (125.7% of Canada’s surplus versus UK)
2. Nickel matte, oxide sinters: $812.5 million (14.8%)
3. Crude oil: $458.4 million (8.4%)
4. Precious metal waste, scrap: $397 million (7.2%)
5. Aircraft, spacecraft: $361.7 million (6.6%)
6. Radioactive chemical elements: $355.7 million (6.5%)
7. Fuel wood, wood chips, sawdust: $144.9 million (2.6%)
8. Wheat: $89.1 million (1.6%)
9. Iron ores, concentrates: $88.1 million (1.6%)
10. Dried shelled vegetables: $73.7 million (1.3%)

Among these, iron ores and concentrates had the fastest-growing Canadian surplus with the UK from 2010 to 2014 posting a 24.2% gain. In second place was fuel wood, wood chips and sawdust up 23.4% followed by dried shelled vegetables ahead by 22%.

Below are the products that gave Canada the highest surpluses in its international trade with Hong Kong.

1. Gold (unwrought): US$2.2 billion (56.1% of Canada’s surplus vs. Hong Kong)
2. Medicinal plants: $218.8 million (5.6%)
3. Frozen beef: $139.8 million (3.6%)
4. Miscellaneous raw furskins: $127 million (3.3%)
5. Nickel (unwrought): $126.3 million (3.2%)
6. Aircraft, spacecraft: $101.6 million (2.6%)
7. TV receiver/transmit/digital cameras: $55.7 million (1.4%)
8. Diamonds (unmounted/unset): $51.9 million (1.3%)
9. Integrated circuits/microassemblies: $49.9 million (1.3%)
10. Moluscs: $47.3 million (1.2%)

Among these, diamonds had the fastest-growing Canadian surplus with Hong Kong from 2010 to 2014 posting a 253% gain. In second place was unwrought gold up 218.9% and frozen beef ahead by 96.8%.