The $30 billion worth of Canadian exports were distributed among the 28 EU member countries as follows:

1. United Kingdom: $12.9 billion (43% of total Canada-EU exports)
2. Germany: $3 billion (9.9%)
3. France: $2.6 billion (8.6%)
4. Belgium: $2.4 billion (8.1%)
5. Netherlands: $2.1 billion (7.1%)
6. Italy: $1.8 billion (5.9%)
7. Spain: $1.3 billion (4.5%)
8. Malta: $544.8 million (1.8%)
9. Finland: $506.5 million (1.7%)
10. Poland: $465 million (1.5%)
11. Sweden: $401 million (1.3%)
12. Ireland: $374.5 million (1.2%)
13. Denmark: $285.4 million (1.0%)
14. Bulgaria: $234.5 million (0.8%)
15. Portugal: $194.1 million (0.6%)
16. Austria: $170.7 million (0.6%)
17. Latvia: $169.2 million (0.6%)
18. Czech Republic: $131 million (0.4%)
19. Luxembourg: $102.9 million (0.3%)
20. Romania: $71 million (0.2%)
21. Greece: $62.8 million (0.2%)
22. Hungary: $57.2 million (0.2%)
23. Slovenia: $43.4 million (0.1%)
24. Lithuania: $38.6 million (0.1%)
25. Slovakia: $32 million (0.1%)
26. Croatia: $16.1 million (0.1%)
27. Estonia: $13.8 million (0.05%)
28. Cyprus: $13.5 million (0.04%)

The fastest-growing EU importers from Canada since 2011 were: Malta (up 809.2%), Latvia (up 209.1%), Portugal (up 56%), Spain (up 46.5%) and Cyprus (up 40.8%).

Sixteen EU countries shrank their purchases of Canadian exports from 2012 to 2016, ranging from -5.7% for Croatia and -10.4% for Sweden to -53.7% for Slovakia and -73.3% for Hungary.

The $46 billion worth of products that Canada imported from the EU originated from the 28 EU member countries as follows:

1. Germany: $13 billion (28.3% of total Canada-EU exports)
2. United Kingdom: $6.2 billion (13.6%)
3. Italy: $5.7 billion (12.4%)
4. France: $4.5 billion (9.8%)
5. Netherlands: $2.8 billion (6%)
6. Spain: $1.8 billion (3.9%)
7. Belgium: $1.7 billion (3.6%)
8. Sweden: $1.6 billion (3.4%)
9. Ireland: $1.5 billion (3.2%)
10. Poland: $1.4 billion (3.1%)
11. Austria: $1.3 billion (2.9%)
12. Denmark: $774.2 million (1.7%)
13. Finland: $640.5 million (1.4%)
14. Hungary: $457.3 million (1%)
15. Portugal: $422 million (0.9%)
16. Czech Republic: $409.7 million (0.9%)
17. Romania: $395.9 million (0.9%)
18. Slovakia: $392.4 million (0.9%)
19. Lithuania: $280.9 million (0.6%)
20. Greece: $182.3 million (0.4%)
21. Estonia: $127.2 million (0.3%)
22. Slovenia: $126.4 million (0.3%)
23. Luxembourg: $117.5 million (0.3%)
24. Bulgaria: $105.8 million (0.2%)
25. Croatia: $42.5 million (0.1%)
26. Malta: $34.9 million (0.1%)
27. Latvia: $27.6 million (0.1%)
28. Cyprus: $2.9 million (0.01%)

The fastest-growing EU sources of imports to Canada since 2012 were: Estonia (up 162.8%), Lithuania (up 51.9%), Romania (up 44.6%), Latvia (up 37.2%), Portugal and Slovakia (both up 35.9%).

Fifteen EU countries experienced declines in the value of their imports into Canada since 2012, ranging from -0.6% for the Czech Republic and -1.3% for Austria up to -38.8% for Finland and -47.2% for Bulgaria.

During 2016, Canada posted the highest positive net exports against six EU countries. Investopedia defines net exports as the value of a country’s total exports minus the value of its total imports. The statistics below present country-specific surpluses between the value of Canada’s exports and Canadian imports in its international trade with the EU.

1. United Kingdom: US$6.7 billion (net export surplus down -34.8% since 2012)
2. Belgium: $748.8 million (up 27.7%)
3. Malta: $509.9 million (up 2,000%)
4. Latvia: $141.6 million (up 309.1%)
5. Bulgaria: $128.7 million (down -510.5%)
6. Cyprus: $10.5 million (up 79.5%)

Canada enjoyed a total $8.2 billion surplus in its trade with the above six EU members. The highest Canadian surplus is from trading with the United Kingdom. In turn, these positive cashflows confirm Canada’s strong competitive advantages against the above EU countries but in particular the UK.

The surplus statistics also beg the question, how much will the UK leaving the EU impact Canada’s trade balance with the remaining EU members?

Canada racked up the highest negative net exports in 2016 with the following 22 EU countries. Investopedia defines net exports as the value of a country’s total exports minus the value of its total imports. The statistics below present country-specific deficits between the value of Canada’s exports and Canadian imports arising from international trade with the EU.

1. Germany: -$10.1 billion (next export deficit down -7.7% since 2012)
2. Italy: -$3.9 billion (up 11.7%)
3. France: -$1.9 billion (up 19.1%)
4. Sweden: -$1.2 billion (down -30.1%)
5. Austria: -$1.2 billion (up 12.6%)
6. Ireland: -$1.1 billion (up 13.7%)
7. Poland: -$983.6 million (up 51.2%)
8. Netherlands: -$639.4 million (down -163.2%)
9. Denmark: -$488.8 million (down -20.7%)
10. Spain: -$431.7 million (down -48%)
11. Hungary: -$400.1 million (up 92.6%)
12. Slovakia: -$360.4 million (up 64.1%)
13. Romania: -$324.9 million (up 103.5%)
14. Czech Republic: -$278.7 million (down -5.6%)
15. Lithuania: -$242.3 million (up 127.4%)
16. Portugal: -$227.8 million (up 22.5%)
17. Finland: -$134 million (down -77.3%)
18. Greece: -$119.5 million (up 118.6%)
19. Estonia: -$113.4 million (up 344.2%)
20. Slovenia: -$83 million (down -1.3%)
21. Croatia: -$26.4 million (up 66%)
22. Luxembourg: -$14.6 million (down -152.7%)
23. Finland: -$134 million (down -77.3%)
24. Greece: -$119.5 million (up 118.6%)
25. Estonia: -$113.4 million (up 344.2%)
26. Slovenia: -$83 million (down -1.3%)
27. Croatia: -$26.4 million (up 66%)
28. Luxembourg: -$14.6 million (down -152.7%)

Canada accumulated a total -$24.7 billion deficit in its trade with the above 22 EU members. The greatest Canadian deficit in 2016 was from trading with Germany. In turn, these negative cashflows confirm Canada’s strong competitive disadvantages against the above EU countries and particularly with Germany.